C/C++

gprof

Styles: Function-Level

gprof is the GNU profiler, suitable for function-level profiling code compiled with C, C++ & Fortran compiled with the GNU, PGI, Intel & other compilers. If already compiling your code with a supported compiler, it’s relatively easy to setup and use. As a command-line profiler output is provided in a plaintext format, this can be challenging to interpret for more nuanced and subtle bottlenecks.

Intel VTune

Styles: Function-Level, Line-Level, Memory, Hardware-Metrics

Intel VTune Profiler is a fully-featured profiler that supports a broad range of languages. Users wishing to perform function or line level profiling can use the default “Hotspots” configuration, that will output profiling results in an interactive GUI with several visualisation options to aide interpretation of CPU time within the profiled application.

There are also many more advanced profiling configurations available, covering memory and hardware metrics, these are unlikely to be useful for the typical programmer.

LIKWID

Styles: Hardware-Metrics

LIKWID is an open source suite of portable and lightweight command line tools for performance engineering on Linux. It provides, among other functionality, tools for investigating topology of an architecture (likwid-topology), for pinning threads and processes (likwid-pin), and for measuring hardware performance counters (likwid-perfctr).